... For decades, the Dunning-Kruger effect has been understood to mean that people with low ability, those who know the least, are the most overconfident, while high performers are more realistic. Hundreds of studies have replicated the classic finding, illustrating that people who do well on multiple-choice tests overpredict their performance by less than those who do badly.
Backed by this mountain of evidence, the Dunning-Kruger effect has become the internet’s ultimate shorthand for calling out clueless confidence—explaining everything from bad bosses to Twitter trolls with a simple ‘truth’: low performers are ‘unskilled and unaware of it.’
However, this new study, published in Psychological Review, reveals how the Dunning-Kruger effect is an artefact of flawed statistical analysis rather than human nature. ...
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